Jan Frederick George - Fraunhofer ISI

Researcher

Dr. Jan Frederick George Jan George has been working as a researcher and project manager in the Business Unit Renewable Energies in the Department of Energy Policy and Energy Markets since 2018. He is mainly involved in research and consulting projects for the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Energy and the European Commission.

He is an expert in a wide range of topics relating to national, European and global energy policy. His focus is on the design and financing of support instruments for hydrogen and industrial processes, the competitiveness of sector coupling technologies and flexibility as well as prosumer concepts. His academic work focuses in particular on the techno-economic implications of energy market prices and government-induced price components (taxes, levies, grid fees, CO₂ prices) as well as their cost and distribution effects.

Jan George studied Business and Engineering with a focus on management of energy and mineral resources at the Technical University of Clausthal and at the Universitat Polètecnica de València. During and after his studies, Jan George worked on energy-related topics for civil actors, in particular civil energy corporations and private companies from the SME and industrial sectors as well as energy suppliers. At the beginning of 2024, Jan George obtained his doctorate (Dr. phil.) from the University of Freiburg with his dissertation on «Impacts of state-induced price components».

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Projects
Kopernikus Project – Ariadne

EEA - Energy Prosumption in Europe

German TSOs –Medium-term forecast of Germany’s electricity supply to final consumers for the calendar years 2021 to 2026 (Lot 2)

BMWi - Future financing of renewable energy plants in Germany

BMWi – Battery storage in networks

European Commission – EurObserv’ER
Publications (selection)
European Commission: Directorate-General for Energy, Fraunhofer ISI and Guidehouse Germany GmbH (2025): Assistance in the development of an auction design and necessary pre-conditions for a European import auction for renewable hydrogen under the European Hydrogen Bank – Final report. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2833/9380870.

George, J. F.; Held, A.; Winkler, J.; Eichhammer, W.; Ragwitz, M. (2024): Unveiling the cost competitiveness of sector coupling technologies - Policy impacts on levelised costs of heat pumps and battery electric vehicles in Germany. https://doi.org/10.24406/publica-3471.

George, J. F.; Marx, A.; Held, A.; Winkler, J.; Bekk, A.; Ragwitz, M. (2024): Balancing the books: unveiling the direct impact of an integrated energy system model on industries, households and government revenues. In: Energy, Sustainability and Society, 14 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13705-024-00450-7.

Billerbeck, A.; George, J. F.; Müller, V. P.; Winkler, J.; Timofeeva, E.; Weidinger, L.; Greitzer, M.; Hanßke, A.; Nolden, C.; Jentsch, A.; Sercan-Çalişmaz, K. (2023): Analyse aktueller Ökonomischer Rahmenbedingungen für Großwärmepumpen. https://doi.org/10.24406/publica-1063.

Juan Pablo Cárdenas Álvarez, Jan George, Juanita Giraldo Quiroz, Juan Andrés Estrada Walker, Juan Manuel España Forero, Santiago Ortega Arango (2023): Rethinking Energy Communities for a Just Transition. A critical view on la Estrecha Solar Community in Medellín, Colombia. Universidad EIA, Envigado, Colombia

Kalkuhl, M.; Kellner, M.; Roolfs, C.; Rütten, K.; George, J.; Bekk, A.; Held, A.; Heinemann, M.; Eydam, U.; aus dem Moore, N.; Pahle, M.; Schwarz, A.; Fahl, U.; Blum, M.; Treichel-Grass, K. (2023): Kurzdossier: Optionen zur Verwendung der Einnahmen aus der CO₂-Bepreisung. Steuer- und fiskalpolitische Aspekte der Energiewende. Kopernikus-Projekt Ariadne. Potsdam. Available at https://ariadneprojekt.de/publikation/kurzdossier-optionen-zur-verwendung-der-einnahmen-aus-der-co2-bepreisung/.

George, J. F.; Werner, S.; Preuß, S.; Winkler, J.; Held, A.; Ragwitz, M. (2023): The landlord-tenant dilemma: Distributional effects of carbon prices, redistribution and building modernisation policies in the German heating transition. In: Applied Energy, 339, p. 120783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.120783

Lowitzsch, J.; Kreutzer, K.; George, J.; Croonenbroeck, C.; Breitschopf, B. (2023): Development prospects for energy communities in the EU identifying best practice and future opportunities using a morphological approach. In: Energy Policy, 174, p. 113414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113414

Amberg, M.; dem Moore, N. aus; Bekk, A.; Bergmann, T.; Edenhofer, O.; Flachsland, C.; George, J.; Haywood, L.; Heinemann, M.; Held, A.; Kalkuhl, M.; Kellner, M.; Koch, N.; Luderer, G.; Meyer, H.; Nikodinoska, D.; Pahle, M.; Roolfs, C.; Schill, W.-P. (2022): Reformoptionen für ein nachhaltiges Steuer- und Abgabensystem: Wie Lenkungssteuern effektiv und gerecht für den Klima- und Umweltschutz ausgestaltet werden können. In: Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik. https://doi.org/10.1515/pwp-2021-0051

Odenweller, A.; George, J.; Müller, V.; Verpoort, Ph.; Gast, L.; Pfluger, B.; Ueckerdt, F. (2022): Wasserstoff und die Energiekrise: fünf Knackpunkte. Kopernikus-Projekt Ariadne, Potsdam.

Kampman, B.; Vendrik, J.; Naber, N.; George, J.; Winkler, J.; Breitschopf, B.; Umpfenbach, K. (2022): Energy prosumers in Europe: Citizen participation in the energy transition. EEA Report No 01/2022. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. DOI: 10.2800/030218

Fritz, W.; Ladermann, A.; Willemsen, S.; George, J.; Klobasa, M.; Kühnbach, M.; Neef, C.; Stute, J.; Kahl, H.; Senders, J. (2022): Batteriespeicher in Netzen. Schlussbericht im Auftrag des Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi).

George, Jan Frederick; Müller, Viktor Paul; Winkler, Jenny; Ragwitz, Mario (2022): Is blue hydrogen a bridging technology? - The limits of a CO₂ price and the role of state-induced price components for green hydrogen production in Germany. In: Energy Policy 167, S. 113072. DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113072

Bekk, Anne; Held, Anne.; George, Jan Frederick (2021): CO_2-basierte Refinanzierung der Erneuerbaren-Förderung – Welche Konsequenzen ergeben sich für Endverbraucher und Sektorkopplungstechnologien? In: ifo Institut (Hrsg.), Wie fair ist die Energiewende? Verteilungswirkungen in der deutschen Energie- und Klimapolitik. 74. Jahrgang. München.

Kalkuhl, Matthias; Roolfs, Christina; Edenhofer, Ottmar; Haywood, Luke; Heinemann, Maik; Bekk, Anne.; George, Jan Frederick et al. (2021): Reformoptionen für ein nachhaltiges Steuer- und Abgabensystem. Wie Lenkungssteuern effektiv und gerecht für den Klima- und Umweltschutz ausgestaltet werden können. Potsdam: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung.

George, Jan Frederick.; Held, Anne; Winkler, Jenny; Bekk, Anne; Ragwitz, Mario (2020): Auswirkungen klima- und energiepolitischer Instrumente mit Fokus auf EEG-Umlage, Stromsteuer und CO₂-Preis. Finanzierungsmechanismus für erneuerbare Energien. Karlsruhe: Fraunhofer ISI.

Klobasa, Marian.; Höfling, Holger; George, Jan Frederick; Stute, Judith (2020): Mittelfristprognose zur deutschlandweiten Stromabgabe an Letztverbraucher für die Kalenderjahre 2021 bis 2025. Studie im Auftrag der deutschen Übertragungsnetzbetreiber. Karlsruhe: Fraunhofer ISI.

Speth, Daniel; Gnann, Till.; Plötz, Patrick; Wietschel, Martin; George, Jan Frederick (2020): Future regional distribution of electric vehicles in Germany. Konferenzbeitrag. In: 33rd Electric Vehicle Symposiom (EVS33), Portland, Oregon, June 14 - 17, 2020.

George, Jan Frederick; Breitschopf, Barbara; Winkler, Jenny (2019): Indicators to measure intraday electricity market efficiency in 18 selected Member States of the European Union. In: 2019 16th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 1–5.

Publications (comprehensive list)

Jahr Year	Titel/Autor:in Title/Author	Publikationstyp Publication Type
2025	Assistance in the development of an auction design and necessary pre-conditions for a European import auction for renewable hydrogen under the European Hydrogen Bank Stecher, Michael; Wachsmuth, Jakob; Österlein, Ellen; George, Jan Frederick	Bericht Report
2024	Gutachten zur Wärmespeicherstrategie Mennel, Tim; Fischer, Tibor	Bericht Report
2024	Unveiling the cost competitiveness of sector coupling technologies - Policy impacts on levelised costs of heat pumps and battery electric vehicles in Germany George, Jan Frederick; Held, Anne; Winkler, Jenny; Eichhammer, Wolfgang; Ragwitz, Mario	Zeitschriftenaufsatz Journal Article
2024	Levies and taxes on final energy prices for integrated energy systems – how they impact the cost competitiveness of sector coupling technologies, government revenues and energy-cost sensitive consumers – a case study of Germany George, Jan Frederick	Dissertation Doctoral Thesis
2024	Balancing the books: unveiling the direct impact of an integrated energy system model on industries, households and government revenues George, Jan Frederick; Marx, Alexander; Held, Anne; Winkler, Jenny; Bekk, Anke; Ragwitz, Mario	Zeitschriftenaufsatz Journal Article
2023	The landlord-tenant dilemma: Distributional effects of carbon prices, redistribution and building modernisation policies in the German heating transition George, Jan; Werner, Simon; Preuß, Sabine; Winkler, Jenny; Held, Anne; Ragwitz, Mario	Zeitschriftenaufsatz Journal Article
2023	Analyse aktueller Ökonomischer Rahmenbedingungen für Großwärmepumpen Billerbeck, Anna; George, Jan Frederick; Müller, Viktor Paul; Winkler, Jenny; Timofeeva, Elena; Weidinger, Lisa; Greitzer, Maria; Hanßke, Anja; Nolden, Christoph; Jentsch, Andrej; Sercan-Çalişmaz, Kibriye	Bericht Report
2023	Recomendaciones para el Desarrollo de Comunidades Energéticas en Colombia. Policy brief Cárdenas Álvarez, Juan Pablo; George, Jan; Giraldo Quiroz, Juanita; España Forero, Juan Manuel; Ortega Arango, Santiago	Bericht Report
2023	Optionen zur Verwendung der Einnahmen aus der CO2-Bepreisung. Steuer- und fiskalpolitische Aspekte der Energiewende. Ariadne-Kurzdossier Kalkuhl, Matthias; Kellner, Maximilian; Roolfs, Christina; Rütten, Karolina; George, Jan; Bekk, Anke; Held, Anne; Heinemann, Maik; Eydam, Ulrich; Moore, Nils aus dem; Pahle, Michael; Schwarz, Antonia; Fahl, Ulrich; Blum, Mareike; Teichel, Katja	Bericht Report
2023	Development prospects for energy communities in the EU identifying best practice and future opportunities using a morphological approach Lowitzsch, Jens; Kreutzer, Kaja; George, Jan; Croonenbroeck, Carsten; Breitschopf, Barbara	Zeitschriftenaufsatz Journal Article
2023	Redefiniendo las Comunidades Energéticas para una Transición Justa. Una visión crítica sobre la Comunidad Solar La Estrecha en Medellín, Colombia Cárdenas Álvarez, Juan Pablo; George, Jan; Giraldo Quiroz, Juanita; Estrada Walker, Juan Andrés; España Forero, Juan Manuel; Ortega Arango, Santiago	Bericht Report
2023	Rethinking Energy Communities for a Just Transition. A critical view on la Estrecha Solar Community in Medellín, Colombia. Universidad EIA, Envigado, Colombia Cárdenas Álvarez, Juan Pablo; George, Jan; Giraldo Quiroz, Juanita; Estrada Walker, Juan Andrés; España Forero, Juan Manuel; Ortega Arango, Santiago	Bericht Report
2022	Is blue hydrogen a bridging technology? The limits of a CO2 price and the role of state-induced price components for green hydrogen production in Germany George, Jan; Müller, Viktor Paul; Winkler, Jenny; Ragwitz, Mario	Zeitschriftenaufsatz Journal Article
2022	Wasserstoff und die Energiekrise: Fünf Knackpunkte Odenweller, Adrian; George, Jan; Müller, Viktor Paul; Verpoort, Philipp C.; Gast, Lukas; Pfluger, Benjamin; Ueckerdt, Falko	Bericht Report
2022	Energy prosumers in Europe Kampman, Bettina; Vendrik, Joeri; Naber, Nanda; George, Jan; Winkler, Jenny; Breitschopf, Barbara; Umpfenbach, Katharina	Bericht Report
2022	Reformoptionen für ein nachhaltiges Steuer- und Abgabensystem Amberg, Maximilian; Moore, Nils aus dem; Bekk, Anke; Bergmann, Tobias; Edenhofer, Ottmar; Flachsland, Christian; Haywood, Luke; George, Jan; Heinemann, Maik; Held, Anne; Kalkuhl, Matthias; Kellner, Maximilian; Koch, Nicolas; Meyer, Henrika; Nikodinoska, Dragana; Roolfs, Christina; Luderer, Gunnar; Pahle, Michael; Schill, Wolf-Peter	Zeitschriftenaufsatz Journal Article
2022	Batteriespeicher in Netzen Fritz, Wolfgang; Ladermann, Alexander; Willemsen, Sebastian; George, Jan; Klobasa, Marian; Kühnbach, Matthias; Neef, Christoph; Stute, Judith; Kahl, Hartmut; Senders, Julian	Bericht Report
2022	Platform services facilitating the participation of active households in the energy system - a transaction cost perspective Pelka, Sabine; Kern, Dominik; George, Jan	Konferenzbeitrag Conference Paper
2021	H2 mobility via fuel cell or IC engine: Alternatives for heavy-duty vehicles in Germany and India? Link, Steffen; Speth, Daniel; Griener, Janik; George, Jan F.	Konferenzbeitrag Conference Paper
2021	CO2-basierte Refinanzierung der Erneuerbaren-Förderung - Welche Konsequenzen ergeben sich für Endverbraucher und Sektorkopplungstechnologien? Bekk, Anke; Held, Anne; George, Jan F.	Zeitschriftenaufsatz Journal Article
2021	Reformoptionen für ein nachhaltiges Steuer- und Abgabensystem. Ariadne-Kurzdossier Kalkuhl, Matthias; Roolfs, Christina; Edenhofer, Ottmar; Haywood, Luke; Heinemann, Maik; Bekk, Anke; Flachsland, Christian; George, Jan F.; Held, Anne; Moore, Nils aus dem; Luderer, Gunnar; Koch, Nicolas; Nikodinoska, Dragana; Pahle, Michael; Schill, Wolf-Peter; Amberg, Maximilian; Bergmann, Tobias; Meyer, Henrika	Bericht Report
2020	Mittelfristprognose zur deutschlandweiten Stromabgabe an Letztverbraucher für die Kalenderjahre 2021 bis 2025 Klobasa, Marian; Höfling, Holger; George, Jan F.; Stute, Judith	Studie Study
2020	Future regional distribution of electric vehicles in Germany Speth, Daniel; Gnann, Till; Plötz, Patrick; Wietschel, Martin; George, Jan F.	Vortrag Presentation
2020	Auswirkungen klima- und energiepolitischer Instrumente mit Fokus auf EEG-Umlage, Stromsteuer und CO2-Preis Winkler, Jenny; George, Jan F.; Held, Anne; Eßer, Anke; Ragwitz, Mario	Bericht Report
2019	Indicators to measure intraday electricity market efficiency in 18 selected Member States of the European Union George, Jan F.; Breitschopf, Barbara; Winkler, Jenny	Konferenzbeitrag Conference Paper

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Researcher

Projects

Publications (selection)

Publications (comprehensive list)